Performance enhancement of photovoltaic panels integrated with thermoelectric generators and phase change materials: Optimization and analysis of thermoelectric arrangement

In this research, thermoelectric generators (TEGs) and phase change materials (PCMs) are used to enhance the thermal and electrical performances of PV panels. Composites of beeswax and coconut oil are synthesized as PCM, and used for thermal regulation of the PV panel. Thermal conductivity of the synthesized PCMs is intensified by adding hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) filler. Optimization via response surface methodology (RSM) is performed to maximize the output power, and electrical efficiency. Effects of three parameters: number of TEGs (N = 4–12), mass fraction of NPs (φ = 0–5% wt), and irradiation intensity (G = 500–1000 W/m2) on the surface temperature, maximum power, and electrical efficiency of the PV panel are evaluated. By applying RSM, the desired responses and optimum conditions for the PV/NPs-PCM system could be achieved. Predicted responses for temperature, power, and electrical efficiency at maximum radiation intensity (1000 W/m2), 5%wt of NPs and N = 12 were 42.46 °C, 8.34W, and 13.76%, respectively. The results of the model proved that in optimal conditions, the PV/TEGs-PCM system simultaneously reduces the temperature of the PV panel and augments its electrical efficiency and output power, while keeping the temperature of the monocrystalline cells uniform. •Cooling of PV panel using thermoelectric generators (TEGs) and a new PCM composite.•Hybrid nanoparticles of SiC/CeO2 is added to PCM as a thermal-conductive filler.•Investigation different arrangements of TEGs in the backside of PV panel.•Response Surface Methodology is used to optimize efficiency of PV/TEG-PCM system.•Maximum electrical efficiency of PV/TEG-PCM system is 13.76%.