Fluorobenzene as new working fluid for high-temperature heat pumps and organic Rankine cycles: Energy analysis and thermal stability test

•Fluorobenzene is proposed as working fluid for high-temperature heat pumps and ORC.•Thermal stability of the fluid is tested with improved method and chemical analysis.•The presence of non-condensable gases removal system is simulated during the test.•Excellent stability is found as annual degradat...

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Veröffentlicht in:Energy conversion and management 2024-12, Vol.321, p.119023, Article 119023
Hauptverfasser: Doninelli, M., Di Marcoberardino, G., Alessandri, I., Invernizzi, C.M., Iora, P.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:•Fluorobenzene is proposed as working fluid for high-temperature heat pumps and ORC.•Thermal stability of the fluid is tested with improved method and chemical analysis.•The presence of non-condensable gases removal system is simulated during the test.•Excellent stability is found as annual degradation is lower than 4 % at 350 °C.•At 180 °C heat sink temperature, COP of 3.25 is achieved for 100 °C temperature lift. Industrial high-temperature heat pumps and Organic Rankine Cycles play a pivotal role in reducing CO2 emissions of the industrial sector. While several eco-friendly refrigerants have been explored for subcritical heat pumps below 150 °C, above this threshold only a few fluids can be adopted. In this article, fluorobenzene (C6H5F) is proposed for the first time as a versatile working fluid suitable for both HTHP and ORC systems. Notably, it possesses a near-zero Global Warming Potential, null Ozone Depletion Potential, low cost, and low toxicity. The thermo-chemical stability of fluorobenzene is experimentally investigated with an advanced procedure, simulating the presence of the non-condensable-gases removal system in real plant operating conditions. The yearly rate of unimolecular decomposition is estimated less than 4 % at 350 °C, and even after 400 h of thermal stress no decomposition products have been detected in the liquid phase through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. In a direct heat exchange case study, coupled with exhaust gases at 390 °C, fluorobenzene achieves a net power production higher than other commercial fluids adopted in high-temperature units. In subcritical two-stage throttling heat pump condensing at 180 °C fluorobenzene shows a good Coefficient of Performance of 3.25 at 100 °C temperature lift.
ISSN:0196-8904
DOI:10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119023