Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic responses in the hepatopancreas of kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) under cold stress

In aquatic ecosystems, the temperature of the water is an important ecological factor that modulates aquatic organisms’ metabolism, growth, development, and reproduction. In this study, the morphological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses of response of Marsupeneus japonicus to acute cold stress was investigated. The results revealed that low temperature caused profound morphological damage to the hepatopancreas. Transcriptomic responses suggested that energy and primary metabolism, cytoskeleton structure, and apoptosis signaling were altered. The metabolic responses to cold stress included changes of multiple amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic data indicated that energy metabolism pathways were downregulated in the hepatopancreas under cold stress. However, M. japonicus increased ATP and unsaturated fatty acids production to ameliorate. Moreover, cold stress caused significant attenuation of macrophage apoptosis. This study provides key information to increase our understanding of low-temperature tolerance in shrimp. [Display omitted] •The transcriptome and metabolome in the shrimp under cold stress were determined.•Cold stress downregulated energy metabolism pathways in the hepatopancreas.•Shrimp responded to cold by enhancing ATP and unsaturated fatty acids production.•Cold stress also attenuated macrophage apoptosis.•The results increased our understanding of low-temperature tolerance in shrimp.