The effects of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide on embryonic development and reproduction in Daphnia magna

Ionic liquids (ILs) are acknowledged as green chemicals and favorable substitutes for volatile organic solvents, which are currently used. However, previous studies have shown that these compounds had toxicological impacts on aquatic organisms. To investigate the effects of 1-hexyl-3- methylimidazol...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2020-03, Vol.190, p.110137, Article 110137
Hauptverfasser: Yu, Miao, Liu, Chuanhu, Zhao, Honghao, Yang, Yanjing, Sun, Jinhui
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:Ionic liquids (ILs) are acknowledged as green chemicals and favorable substitutes for volatile organic solvents, which are currently used. However, previous studies have shown that these compounds had toxicological impacts on aquatic organisms. To investigate the effects of 1-hexyl-3- methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid ([C6mim]Br) on embryonic development and reproduction in water flea (Daphnia magna), a series of exposure experiments were conducted, including acute toxicity, maternal exposure, and chronic exposure tests. In acute toxicity experiment, D. magna neonates exhibited developmental abnormalities in the shell spine and the second antennae in a concentration-dependent manner after exposure to [C6mim]Br. The results in maternal exposure test also revealed a certain embryo-toxicity in response to [C6mim]Br in D. magna. However, the toxicity was lower than that conveyed by direct acute exposure, this indicated that the IL could act directly on organism. During the 21 days chronic exposure, the 1.6 mg/L exposure caused marked drop in the survival, molts and the number of the first brood of D. magna. Meanwhile, the total number of offspring was significantly declined in 1.6 mg/L concentration treatment groups, whereas increased in 0.2 mg/L groups. Generally, abnormalities in the offspring were significantly increased across all of the treatment groups in contrast to the control. No effect on sex differentiation was found during the experiments. These findings suggested that [C6mim]Br could affect embryonic development and reproduction in D. magna, and provided references for further study on the mechanisms underlying toxicological effects of ILs and the assessment of their potential environmental risks. •The [C6mim]Br could cause abnormal development of D. magna, as well as decline in reproductive capacity.•The maternal exposure of D. magna to [C6mim]Br would give rise to accumulation of toxicity, and be passed on to next-generation.•[C6mim]Br had no effects on sex-differentiation of D. magna, and it may be irrelevant to genes and hormones that determined sex.
ISSN:0147-6513
1090-2414
DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110137