A review on PCM and nanofluid for various productivity enhancement methods for double slope solar still: Future challenge and current water issues

Rising demands for drinking fresh water for industrial and domestic applications are a growing concern globally. Solar water distillation using solar energy is a practical approach for extracting drinking water from saline water in rural and small villages with limited electricity and water. Double slope solar still (DSSS) is improving the efficiency and performance of thermal energy storage materials based on phase change materials (PCM), and nanofluids (NF) have been thoroughly reviewed and presented. In the last few years, more attention has been paid to developing DSSS to overcome conventional solar's limitations. The review process is constructed on nanofluid structures, and PCM is implemented in the internal heat transfer process. The PCMNF used in DSSS, with the benefit of a global challenge, is concentrated on prospects based on implementing promotional initiatives. It has been observed that the amount of DSSS distillate produced significantly increases when using an improvement strategy for PCMNF in conjunction with DSSS. [Display omitted]