Influence of climate on multiple tree-ring parameters of Pinus kesiya from Manipur, Northeast India

Tree-rings of Pinus kesiya from southern region of Manipur, Northeast India were used to develop chronologies of multiple tree-ring parameters that are: total-ring width (TRW), earlywood width (EW), latewood width (LW) and adjusted latewood (LWadj). The time span of these chronologies is 39 years (1980–2018 C.E.) and we compared their growth responses with monthly and daily climatic records. The comparison revealed a broadly consistent pattern of climate sensitivity with daily climate exhibiting higher correlation. The climate signals during pre-monsoon (March–May) were recorded in TRW and EW, whereas late-monsoon to post-monsoon climate signals were recorded in LW and LWadj. The spatial correlation analysis of tree-ring parameters and global sea surface temperature (SST) showed a positive relationship between tree growth with tropical Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean during winter (December–February) and pre-monsoon (March–May) seasons. The LW and LWadj were also correlated with peak summer monsoon (July–August) SST over the tropical Pacific Ocean. IADFs observed in EW (E-IADF) were caused by dry and warm conditions during March–April. IADFs in LW (L-IADF) occurred due to a combination of enhanced rainfall and temperature during post-monsoon (October–November) season. Evidence of stand-specific micro-climatic conditions in the formation IADFs in this species was also found. This study showed that multiple parameters of P. kesiya provides a lucid understanding of climate response on its growth and can be considered as a proxy for studying sub-seasonal changes in past environmental conditions in longer records.