A numerical modeling of battery thermal management system using nano-enhanced phase change material in hot climate conditions

Battery thermal management system (BTMS) is of utmost importance to ensure their safe and efficient operation. In regions with hot climates, such as Saudi Arabia, batteries are particularly susceptible to overheating, leading to performance degradation, safety risks, and potential fires. Traditional phase change materials (PCMs) have limitations in terms of slow response times and limited thermal conductivity. To overcome these challenges, nano-enhanced PCMs (NePCMs) have been developed, incorporating nanoparticles into the PCM matrix to enhance their thermal properties. This study focused on the application of NePCM, specifically RT44 and SWCNT, for BTMS of a pouch battery in hot climates. The investigation primarily centered on exploring the effects of NePCM chamber thicknesses at the top and bottom. It was expected that increasing the NePCM thickness would effectively regulate battery temperature. However, the study revealed that the thickness of the NePCM had a limited impact on battery temperature due to the dominant influence of the ambient environment. In summary, the results of this study indicate that the optimal design configuration for the NePCM chamber, in terms of thickness, consists of a bottom thickness of 10 mm and a top thickness of 15 mm.