The impact of microbial mats in promoting record of Maastrichtian crocodylomorph tracks from Yacoraite Formation, Argentina

Here we report tetrapod tracks from a stratigraphic level of Maastrichtian age in the Yacoraite Formation (Maimará ichnosite, Jujuy Province, Argentina). The ichnological material consists of convex hyporeliefs whose formation was induced by growth of microbial mats in an upper subtidal-lower intertidal setting. Ichnological features that are recognized in tracks and traces allowed to include them into the categories of ‘punting tracks’ and ‘buoyancy tracks’. These categories suggest swim behaviours of the producers, which are tentatively interpreted as crocodylomorphs. Reconstruction of the filling process leading to tracks preservation and inclusion into the geological record enabled reconstructing at least two different phases of mats development, one dominated by chemical precipitation and the other by trapping and binding of coated grains and other particles. These two phases of mat growth are related to slightly changing energetic conditions of the palaeoenvironment and further support a marine origin for the unit. Finally, it is suggested that biologically induced, in-situ mineral precipitation promotes fast formation of overtracks through early lithification achieving preservation of tetrapod tracks well before their complete filling. •Purported crocodylomorph overtracks are reported from the Yacoraite Formation.•Swim behaviour of the producers is suggested.•Overtracks were formed by microbial mats.•Fabric of microbial mat supports a marine origin for the Yacoraite Formation.•Early lithification by in-situ mineral precipitation promoted rapid preservation.