A review on specification evaluation of broadcasting routing protocols in VANET

Routing is an extremely challenging phenomenon because of its non-deterministic mobility behavior, power energy and high velocity of automobiles. These kinds of system are self-dependent and they are interconnected through internet within its infrastructure. The key features such as multi-hop paths, node mobility, huge network, device heterogeneity, congestion and bandwidth are the constraints in designing the routing protocols for VANET. In this paper we focused on areas such as broadcasting and routing, security, quality of service (QoS) and infotainment with information dissemination during emergencies and also presented a detailed review of wireless standards used in VANET. Here, the routing protocols that have been deployed are used to test the VANET accuracy and performance. In this paper, we have brought some characteristics as well as performance analysis of the proposed Swarm-Intelligence based routing protocols and compare them with the well-known ad hoc routing protocols. The study also shows how this approach has significantly improved the performance of the ad hoc networks.