Bend-free design of ellipsoids of revolution using variable stiffness composites

Shells are commonly used in many structural applications due to their high specific load carrying capabilities. One of the most interesting features of shell structures is that they can resist external transverse loads by developing membrane stresses in the small deformation regime yet, in general, also generate inefficient bending deformations and stresses. In this study, a composite ellipsoid shell of revolution, under internal pressure, is designed for zero bending and curvature change. To this end, the stiffness properties of elliptical composite shell structures are tailored by fibre steering. A new definition for a bend-free state, independent of internal pressure, is presented. Based on this definition, the internal pressure-induced bending state of an isotropic ellipsoidal shell of revolution is compared with its tailored composite counterpart. Results show that up to a specific level of ellipticity, a bend-free state is achievable by fibre steering in elliptical composite shells of revolution. Finally, a failure study is performed to assess the potential improvement of the maximum allowable internal pressure by bend-free design.