Analysis and experimental study on vibration response characteristics of mechanical harvesting of jujube

•The mechanical properties of jujube branches are calculated from the micro end stress.•Through the difference analysis, the relative error between the experimental and model analysis results is analyzed.•The resonance frequency is obtained by frequency sweep test.•The best parameters are obtained through interactive experiments. To explore the vibration energy transmission characteristics of mechanical harvesting of jujube and improve the effectiveness of vibration harvesting, the vibration response characteristics of small and densely planted Jun jujube branches were experimentally studied and evaluated. According to the agronomic requirements of mechanical harvesting of jujube, first, this paper analyzes the vibration harvesting mechanism of jujube, establishes the transverse bending vibration mechanical model of jujube branches, and obtains the sixth-order natural frequency of jujube branches through vibration frequency sweep experiments. Based on the slope scoring principle and response surface method, the impact of different excitation parameters on the jujube branch vibration effect evaluation index Pz was characterized through field experiments, and an optimized vibration effect score was obtained. The results showed that the low-order natural frequencies of small and densely planted jujube branches were mainly concentrated in the range of 6 ∼ 22 Hz, and the vibration response was the most intense at 17.5, 18.0 and 22.5 Hz, which was more conducive to vibration harvesting. By optimizing the relationship between the excitation parameters and evaluation index Pz, a better jujube branch vibration effect score of Pz = 85.63 is obtained, which provides a reference for the design and development of high-efficiency jujube vibration harvesting devices.