An ensemble approach for improving localization accuracy in wireless sensor network

A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of many small, low cost and less computational power sensor nodes. These nodes are uniformly or randomly deployed for gathering vital information from the environment. It is crucial to identify the exact and accurate position of the sensor node as it helps in efficient communication between unknown and known (beacon) nodes. Localization has many applications, such as rescue, traffic controlling and monitoring, underwater cultivation, surveillance, and target tracking. It is also used in day-to-day life in the form of GPS to guide people in their travel. Hence, to avail of the accurate service from localization, the exact position of the sensor is needed. In this work, an ensemble approach is proposed using both DV-Hop and a weighted amorphous algorithm to enhance localization accuracy. Two distance measurements are calculated to obtain the distance from an unknown node to the beacon node by considering hop value and size. Finally, the probabilistic distance estimation is applied to the obtained distances to get the actual distance. Proposed approach is compared with the traditional amorphous and three other improved amorphous algorithms and provides higher accuracy in terms of MAE, MSE, and RMSE.