Innovative approaches in cloud-point extraction
•Recent advances in CPE over the last three years (2020 – 2022) are reviewed.•Various innovative approaches in CPE are discussed.•Positive effect of auxiliary energies is emphasized.•Advantages of the combination of CPE with nanomaterial-based SPE are highlighted. Cloud-point extraction (CPE) is a p...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of Chromatography A 2023-07, Vol.1701, p.464053, Article 464053 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | •Recent advances in CPE over the last three years (2020 – 2022) are reviewed.•Various innovative approaches in CPE are discussed.•Positive effect of auxiliary energies is emphasized.•Advantages of the combination of CPE with nanomaterial-based SPE are highlighted.
Cloud-point extraction (CPE) is a pre-treatment technique for the extraction and preconcentration of different chemical compounds, such as metal ions, pesticides, drugs, phenols, vitamins etc., from various samples. CPE is based on the phenomenon of two phases (micellar and aqueous) forming after the heating of an aqueous isotropic solution of a non-ionic or zwitterionic surfactant above the cloud-point temperature. If analytes are added to the surfactant solution under suitable conditions, they should be extracted into the micellar phase, also called the surfactant-rich phase. Recently, the traditional CPE procedure is being increasingly replaced by improved CPE procedures. In this study, recent advances in CPE over the last three years (2020 – 2022), including the application of various innovative approaches, are reviewed. In addition to the basic principle of CPE, alternative extraction media in CPE, CPE supported by various auxiliary energies, a different modified CPE procedure and the use nanomaterials and solid-phase extraction in combination with CPE are presented and discussed. Finally, some future trends for improved CPE are presented. |
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ISSN: | 0021-9673 1873-3778 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464053 |