Phthalocyanine conjugated manganese ferrite nanoparticles embedded in TiO2 fibers for photo-, sono- and photosono-catalytic degradation of Rhodamine 6G

In this work, zinc (4-carboxylic acid phenoxy)-tris-(3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy) phthalocyanine (Pc) - MnFe2O4 nanoparticles conjugate (Pc-MnFe2O4), embedded on TiO2 fibers (Pc-MnFe2O4-TiO2 fibers) was studied together with individual components for photo-, sono- and photosono-catalytic degradation of Rhodamine 6G. The fabrication of the Pc-MnFe2O4 conjugate and Pc-MnFe2O4-TiO2 fibers resulted in improved photo-, sono-, and photosono-catalytic properties compared to individual analogous. Rhodamine 6G degradation efficiencies for photo-, sono-, and photosono-catalytic processes were 64.5%, 71.5% and 89.8% using Pc-MnFe2O4-TiO2 fibers. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results revealed that the photo-catalytic process was instigated by 1O2 only, whereas the sono and photosono-catalytic processes were instigated by both 1O2 and ●OH radicals. This study reveals the feasible prospect of Pc-MnFe2O4-TiO2 fibers to be used as photo-, sono-, and photosono catalysts for the degradation of Rhodamine 6G. [Display omitted] •Zn phthalocyanine (Pc) is conjugated to MnFe2O4 and supported to TiO2 fibers.•The composite is used for photosono-catalytic degradation of Rhodamine 6G.•Pc-MnFe2O4-TiO2 fibers showed the highest photosono-catalytic activity.•The 1O2 and ●OH were dominant reactive species in photosono-catalytic process.