Carbon dot decorated covalent organic framework for mild NIR-II photothermal and heterojunction amplified sonodynamic and chemodynamic therapy

Albeit sonodynamic therapy (SDT) offers benefits such as high tissue-penetrating depth and favorable biosafety, the low-efficiency sonosensitizers and adverse tumor microenvironment (TME) still limit the antitumor effectiveness of SDT. In this study, we introduce the heterojunction-augmented and mild-hyperthermia-amplified sono-chemodynamic combination therapy strategy through endowing a theranostic nanoplatform with triple function including sonodynamic, chemodynamic, and NIR-II photothermal conversion properties. To demonstrate this strategy, carbon dots (CDs) with excellent NIR-II photothermal property are incorporated into the hollow covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) with sonodynamic and chemodynamic activities. The constructed CD/COF not only possesses improved the sono-chemodynamic performances of single-component material, but also exhibited enhanced photothermal effect, allowing for the achievement of mild NIR-II PTT. More importantly, the mild hyperthermia produced by CD/COF can enhance the performance of heterojunctions in sonodynamic and chemodynamic processes by relieving hypoxia and increasing catalytic activity. Notably, the single treatment of CD/COF heterojunctions successfully eradicates tumors through heterojunction and mild hyperthermia co-amplified SDT and chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Our strategy highlights the potential of simultaneously producing mild hyperthermia and fabricating heterojunction to amplify the efficacy of SDT and CDT. Overall scheme to show the main synthesis procedures of CD/COF and their applications for Z-scheme heterojunction-amplified and mild NIR-II photothermal-enhanced SDT and CDT. [Display omitted]