Bioink based on the dECM for 3D bioprinting of bionic tissue, the first results obtained on murine model

Tissue engineering is an intensively developing field of modern medicine. However, to transfer the research from the laboratory scale to the clinic, it is necessary to produce biocompatible bioinks, that will be safe for both patients and cells used in the bioprinting process itself. The aim of this researches was to produce a bioink that would enable bioprinting of structures with biological material, improving their functionality by recreating their natural environment. The results showed the appropriate physicochemical properties of the biomaterial, which is stable in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies showed the highest functionality of islets (7 days) in the bioprinted cell-printed constructs. The cytotoxicity tests showed the cell viability at the level of 120%. Moreover, the paper presents the first in vivo results for biodegradation of bionic cell-printed constructs. During these studies, no inflammatory reaction to the implanted cell-printed construct was found for 12 months. The appearance of the first neovascular processes was shown in the 8th week of the experiment. At that time, there were no deviations in the level of blood parameters: AST,ALT,KC, IL-6 and TNF-α. Summing up, the created bioink composition is safe for living organisms and contributes to the improvement of the functionality of pancreatic islets.