An update on advances in new developing DNA conjugation diagnostics and ultra-resolution imaging technologies: Possible applications in medical and biotechnological utilities

DNA molecule engineering has become an attractive discipline in various research scopes. The profound influence of selective and sensitive sensing of DNA molecules in disease diagnosis and molecular imaging is established. In this perspective, we try to shed light on the state-of-the-art technology of DNA bioconjugation assays in DNA biosensor, DNA barcode, DNA nanostructures, and DNA ultra-resolution fluorescence imaging. Non-invasive, simple, and swift biotechniques benefit molecular diagnosis, evaluation of disease stages, and also play a central role in fundamental researches. We discuss the limitations of traditional procedures and the eminence impacts of the advanced methods with clinical applications in timely detection and management of diseases like cancer, genetic disorders, and recognition of microbial pathogens. The predictable and programmable DNA strands have paved the way for cellular and molecular imaging with the ability of single-molecule switching nanoscopy. Consequently, the DNA conjugation tool as an identification paradigm of biological agents in interaction with bio-spesific components is at the heart of biological processes. [Display omitted] •We provide a comprehensive review of advanced DNA-conjugation methods.•We stress the importance of molecular diagnostics and ultra-resolution imaging in DNA-conjugation processes.•Molecular diagnostics procedures have amenable potency to detect biomarkers in low scale concentrations.•Fluorescence imaging through DNA oligonucleotides track molecular and cellular components with high resolution.