Improving the south America wildfires smoke estimates: Integration of polar-orbiting and geostationary satellite fire products in the Brazilian biomass burning emission model (3BEM)

Large land extensions are subjected to environmental degradation and land-use changes by fires annually. In tropical regions, such as South America, the global demand for commodities leads to the conversion of natural vegetation into agricultural land-uses. With the new orbital fire products that have improved in spatial and temporal resolution, it is now possible to better understand fire properties at large scales, such as fire radiative power (FRP), fire spread, heat flux, and fire life cycle. This study aims to integrate polar-orbit and geostationary satellites’ fire-related products to estimate biomass burning (BB) emissions on a continental-scale to better monitor smoke plumes in near-real-time (NRT) while using the Brazilian developments on the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (BRAMS). The total aerosol optical depth at 550 nm channel from the model during the South American 2020 fire season (September–November) showed a good agreement with Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA-2) and Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) Global Near-Real-Time reanalyzes (R = 0.97, p