Optimal dietary lipid requirement of Spinibarbus caldwelli: Comprehensive characterization of growth performance, feed utilization, serum biochemical and immune parameters, hepatic lipid metabolism and health maintenance

Recently, Spinibarbus caldwelli is a superior freshwater cultured species in southern China. However, to date, little is known about their dietary nutritional requirements. Therefore, the present study was carried out to assess the optimal dietary lipid requirement of Spinibarbus caldwelli. Five die...

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Veröffentlicht in:Aquaculture 2025-03, Vol.598, p.742072, Article 742072
Hauptverfasser: Liang, Ping, Wang, Yujie, Wu, Liwen, Qin, Zhiqing, Lai, Mingyong, Lin, Jianbin, Shao, Jianchun, Zhang, Dianguang
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Recently, Spinibarbus caldwelli is a superior freshwater cultured species in southern China. However, to date, little is known about their dietary nutritional requirements. Therefore, the present study was carried out to assess the optimal dietary lipid requirement of Spinibarbus caldwelli. Five diets containing 5.5 % (L5.5), 7.0 % (L7), 8.5 % (L8.5), 10 % (L10), and 11.5 % (L11.5) lipid levels, respectively, were formulated and fed to Spinibarbus caldwelli (initial body weight: 20.77 ± 0.12 g) for 51 days. Results suggested that fish nourished with L8.5 (8.3 % lipid level) diet exhibited the highest increase in percent weight gain (reaching a peak of 215.56 %), the highest specific growth rate (2.25 % per day), and the optimal feed conversion ratio (FCR, at 1.91). Results about serum biochemical parameters demonstrated that dietary high lipid levels (exceeding 8.3 % lipid level) caused disruption of lipid metabolism [increased triglycerides (TGs) concentration, decreased low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations] and liver impairment [increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities]. Dietary lipid levels had no significant effects on most serum immune markers. In addition, the analysis of hepatic oxidative stress and lipid metabolism showed that dietary high lipid levels triggered hepatic oxidative stress (increased malonyl dialdehyde content) and aberrant lipid accumulation through increased processes of fatty acid uptake as well as lipid anabolism, and decreased lipid catabolism. Moreover, results also indicated that compared with L5.5 group, dietary high lipid supplementation significantly intensified cell apoptosis and pro-inflammatory reaction in the livers of Spinibarbus caldwelli. Regression analysis suggested that the optimal lipid requirements of spinibarbus caldwelli were 8.19 %, 8.49 %, 8.60 % and 7.52 %, respectively, based on percent weight gain, feed conversion ratio, serum HDL-C and ALT. The present study establishes a theoretical basis for optimal dietary lipid requirements of Spinibarbus caldwelli. •Determination of optimal dietary lipid requirement of Spinibarbus caldwelli.•High lipid level caused hepatic lipid deposition via dysregulating lipid metabolism.•High lipid level disrupted hepatic health by apoptosis and inflammation reaction.•Optimal lipid requirements of spinibarbus caldwelli might be 8.1987–8.4925 %.
ISSN:0044-8486
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.742072