How myo-inositol improves the physiological functions of aquatic animals: A review

Myo-inositol, otherwise referred to as vitamin B8, is not only a growth factor but also modulates versatile physiological functions in aquatic animals. Currently, gaps remain in the understanding of the mechanisms of myo-inositol supplementation that modulate physiological activities in aquatic animals. Myo-inositol has been shown to improve the physiological functions of aquatic animals in multiple ways, including salinity tolerance, immune function, growth performance, and stress responses. This review paper aims to detail the molecular and physiological mechanisms by which myo-inositol improves such functions. It is noteworthy that this review highlights the gaps in our knowledge of the physiological functions regulated by myo-inositol and provides information that is particularly useful for the aquaculture industry. The information presented in this review paves the way for future studies to fill research gaps and promotes the application of myo-inositol in aquatic animals as a feed additive or health supplement. •The rapid advances of myo-inositol improve the physiological functions of aquatic animals.•The molecular and physiological mechanisms of myo-inositol action were summarized.•This review highlights the potential application of myo-inositol on aquaculture.•More detailed and comprehensive knowledge is still lacking and greatly lagging behind application.