A cascading failure propagation model for a network with a node emergency recovery function

Cascading failures are ubiquitous in physical networks such as power grids and water networks and have become a trending research topic in the field of complex networks. In real cases, once a node in a network fails, the entire system can completely collapse, causing considerable economic losses and casualties. Implementing an appropriate node repair strategy can effectively prevent system crashes in complex networks due to cascading failure. This paper presents a network cascading failure propagation model with a node emergency recovery function. Numerical simulations with typical case scenarios are conducted to analyze network cascading failure when the nodes have an emergency recovery probability. The results of the case study show that incorporating an emergency recovery probability for nodes can reduce the maximum failure probability of nodes in a network and reduce the risk of network failure. As the recovery probability increases, the network failure risk probability gradually decreases. The proposed network cascading failure propagation model with a node emergency recovery function can accurately reflect the dynamic behavior of complex network cascades and provide a reference for the control and prevention of cascading failures in actual networks. •Propose a network cascading failure propagation model with a node emergency recovery function.•Numerical simulations are conducted to analyze the network cascading failure phenomenon with different recovery probability.•Considering two cascading failure modes, the initial failure mode, and the coexistence of initial and progressive failures.