Smart multifunctional direct Z-scheme In2S3@PCN-224 heterojunction for simultaneous detection and photodegradation towards antibiotic pollutants

Multifunctional heterojunctions, based on function- and structure-oriented material design and accurate synthesis, have emerged as an important platform in materials chemistry with great application prospects for solving practically complex science and engineering problems. Herein, a versatile Z-scheme In2S3@PCN-224 platform, based on Zr-metal-organic framework (PCN-224) and In2S3 nanosheets, was constructed by solvothermal and hydrothermal methods. Benefited from the high efficiency in the photoinduced electron-hole separation of Z-scheme heterojunctions, high specific surface area of PCN-224 core, and good visible-light absorption of hydrophilic In2S3 shell, In2S3@PCN-224 exhibited excellent performance in visible-light photocatalytic degradation towards tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). Furthermore, In2S3@PCN-224 could be also used in fluorescence detection for TC with good analytical performance in terms of a large Stokes shift, fast response, and a low detection limit (55 nM). This work provides the inspiration for designing multifunctional heterojunctions, which will extend the boundary of "integration of diagnosis and treatment" in environmental management and control. [Display omitted] •A multifunctional In2S3@PCN-224 heterojunction is designed and fabricated.•In2S3@PCN-224 exhibits improved photocatalytic activity for TC.•Synergistic effect of Z-scheme system and high surface area facilitates TC removal.•Sensitive detection of TC is achieved with the In2S3@PCN-224 system.•Smart platform offers integrated diagnosis and treatment in environmental control.