Influence of dietary Plukenetia conophora seed on growth performance, hepatic antioxidant status, blood chemistry, fillet quality, fatty acid, and oxidative stability of Clarias gariepinus

This study assessed the effects of dietary supplementation of Plukenetia conophora seed (PCS) on growth performance, blood chemistry, hepatic antioxidant status, fillet fatty acids, and physicochemical properties of Clarias gariepinus. Two hundred and seventy post-juvenile Clarias gariepinus (14.2 ± 1.4 g, BW) were randomly assigned to either T1, a control diet without PCS; T2, diet containing 2.5% PCS; or T3, diet containing 5% PCS, and were fed the different diets for 70 d. Each treatment consisted of six replicates with 15 fish per replicate. Diet had no effect (P > 0.05) on feed intake, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index and survival rate of C. gariepinus. Body weight gain and specific growth rate increased (P