Hexagon enclosed modified G- shaped polarization and incident angle independent metamaterial absorber for S, C, X and Ku band frequency

An innovative metamaterial (MTM) based microwave absorber is proposed to feature a modified G-shaped structure enclosed in a hexagon ring resonator. The designed Metamaterial Absorber (MMA) exhibits five absorption peaks spanning from S, C, X to Ku bands. MMA unit cell has electrical dimensions of 0.147λ0×0.147λ0, where the wavelength (λ0) is decided at 4.59 GHz and fabricated on a cost-effective FR-4 substrate. The resonator in the unit cell consists of a hexagon, circular ring, and G-shaped configuration with adjusted dimensions to achieve absorption peaks of 97%, 78%, 92%, 99% and 95% at 4.59, 6.84, 9.35, 13.60, and 16.08 GHz respectively. The article explores the metamaterial and absorber properties by analyzing surface current, electric field, magnetic field and different dielectric parameters. The MMA demonstrates Double Negative (DNG) properties and is characterized by an Effective Medium Ratio (EMR) of 6.6. Experimental results for the unit cell excellently match with simulation outcomes, validating significant absorption at the specified frequencies. With a favorable EMR and outstanding absorption capabilities, the proposed MMA emerges as a promising multiband absorber for several applications in microwave technology, such as sensing, detection, notch filtering, and addressing reflection from metallic components in radar and satellite antennas.