In vitro antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity of marine alga Enteromorpha compressa collected from Chilika lagoon, Odisha, India

Diseases like diabetes and inflammation are the leading cause of death in human. Although several studies have been carried out on the antioxidant properties of Enteromorpha but the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity is still under investigation. The present study focuses on the evaluation of antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potential of E. compressa . The antidiabetic activity was performed via α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity and the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated via in vitro assays such as inhibition of haemolysis, proteinase, protein denaturation, and lipoxygenase activity. Further, antibacterial activity was evaluated through the colony forming unit count and percentage of cell viability. All the solvent extracts of E. compressa displayed a concentration dependent inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity. Similarly, the inhibition of haemolysis, proteinase, protein denaturation, and lipoxygenase activity were evident with increase in the concentration of extract. The methanolic extract of E. compressa exhibited potent antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activity with very low IC50 value as compared to other extracts. In addition to this, the methanolic extract also exhibited potent antibacterial activity by reduction of colony forming unit and cell viability. The methanolic extract of E. compressa possessed potent antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties owing to the presence of antioxidant bioactive metabolites in the different solvent extracts. The methanolic extract of E. compressa demonstrated an enhanced antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity.