Enhanced Crop Yield Forecasting Using Deep Reinforcement Learning and Multi-source Remote Sensing Data

Accurate crop yield predictions are essential for agricultural planning and food security. Traditional methods relying on historical data are enhanced by modern techniques using satellite imagery, weather data, and soil conditions. This study presents an advanced crop yield forecasting model integrating deep reinforcement learning and multi-source remote sensing data. The Hybrid Reinforcement-Supervised Learning (HRSL) model combines reinforcement learning and supervised learning for enhanced classification and decision-making. Machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques analyze historical yield data and current season variables, improving prediction accuracy. Preprocessing steps like imputation, normalization, and atmospheric correction ensure robust datasets. Feature extraction with cascaded artificial neural networks (CANN) automates the learning of complex data relationships. Implemented using Python, this methodology achieves an accuracy of 97.8%. The proposed model demonstrates superior performance in yield prediction, evaluated through rigorous accuracy, precision, and training efficiency metrics. Integrating multi-source data with advanced machine learning models offers significant benefits for precision agriculture and food security. Future work will expand these techniques to broader applications and continuously improve predictive models with evolving data and computational capabilities.