Si-Based Anodes: Advances and Challenges in Li-Ion Batteries for Enhanced Stability

Owing to their advantages, such as a high energy density, low operating potential, high abundance, and low cost, rechargeable silicon (Si) anode lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have attracted considerable interest. Significant advancements in Si-based LIBs have been made over the past decade. Nevertheless, because the cycle instability is a crucial factor in the half/full-battery design and significantly affects the consumption of active components and the weight of the assembled battery, it has become a concern in recent years. This paper presents a thorough analysis of the recent developments in the enhancement methods for the stability of LIBs. Comprehensive in situ and operando characterizations are performed to thoroughly evaluate the electrochemical reactions, structural evolution, and degradation processes. Approaches for enhancing the cycle stability of Si anodes are systematically divided from a design perspective into several categories, such as the structural regulation, interfacial design, binder architecture, and electrolyte additives. The advantages and disadvantages of several methods are emphasized and thoroughly evaluated, offering insightful information for the logical design and advancement of cutting-edge solutions to address the deteriorating low-cycle stability of silicon-based LIBs. Finally, the conclusions and potential future research perspectives for promoting the cycling instability of silicon-based LIBs are presented. Graphical Abstract