Poling direction-driven tuning of piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric materials: an experimental study

The present study is an experimental study dealing with the effect of poling direction on piezoelectric performance. Here, Pb[Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48 ]O 3 (PZT-5A) samples were poled at different angles, and the longitudinal d 33 eff and transverse d 31 eff piezoelectric strain coefficients were measured. In addition, analytical solutions for variation of d 33 eff and d 31 eff with poling orientation were also developed. It was observed that the experimental results were in good agreement with the analytical solution. Although for PZT-5A piezoelectric coefficients decreased with poling orientation, it was theoretically predicted that these piezoelectric coefficients could be enhanced multiple times for other materials.