Bioconvective Squeezing Flow of Chemically Reacting Casson Nanofluid Between Two Parallel Plates

Heat transfer analysis of Casson fluid flow through an expanding and contracting channel with single-walled carbon nanotubes, aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), and copper (Cu) nanoparticles which are suspended in water is demonstrated. By using a set of similarity transformations, fully coupled nonlinear systems of equations describing mass, momentum, energy, concentration, and microorganism equations are reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations. These resulting differential equations of higher order, together with the boundary conditions, are further reduced to a system of differential equations of the first order and are solved numerically using the Runge–Kutta method equipped with shooting method technique. The effects of the emerging physical parameters on velocity components and temperature are discussed through graphs. These results help to understand the nature of the blood flow in squeezing vessels, microbial-enhanced oil recovery, and in gas-bearing sedimentary basins.