High Incidence of Human Papillomavirus Types 16 and 18 in Cervical Carcinoma Patients in a Tertiary Care Unit, Jabalpur, MP, India

Introduction Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of deaths due to cancer, among Indian women. Persistent infection of high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer. The aim of the study was to estimate the incidence of HPV 16 and 18 infections in cervical cancer patients from Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods In this hospital-based study, cervical biopsy samples, received from tertiary healthcare hospital, were subjected to molecular tests for HPV 16 and HPV 18. The p53 polymorphism at the 72 position was studied by PCR. The clinical and sociodemographic information of the patients was analyzed using SPSS 20. Result A total of 87 cervical carcinoma tissues were analyzed by type-specific PCR for its presence. Forty-five (51.7%) were infected with HPV 16, and 27 (31%) had HPV 18. Coinfection of HPV 16 and HPV 18 was detected in 15 (17.2%) patients. The overall HPV incidence was 65.5% ( n = 57). Arginine (Arg) homozygosity dominance was not significant among cervical carcinoma patients. Illiteracy was significantly associated with HPV incidence. Conclusion The findings indicate HPV 16 and HPV 18 are the major causes of cervical carcinoma in Central India. HPV 16 was more prominent infection than HPV 18. Arg homozygosity at the 72 position in p53 gene was not associated with cervical carcinoma. A community-based study will be useful to establish the prevalence of HPV, which will help in interventions such as vaccination in the area.