An Experimentally Measured Source–Filter Model: Glottal Flow, Vocal Tract Gain and Output Sound from a Physical Model

A known acoustic flow is generated and input to a physical (hardware) model of a vocal tract at its ’glottis’. The output sound is measured, along with the gain of the tract (the transpedance or transimpedance: the ratio of output pressure to input flow). These allow all stages of the Source–Filter model to be illustrated by actual experimental measurements on the same physical model in the time and frequency domains, rather than by the usual qualitative, illustrative sketches.