The Impact of Coenzyme Q10 on Neurodegeneration: a Comprehensive Review

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipophilic molecule that shares characteristics with nutrients like vitamins and is located in all biological membranes of our body. It acts as a key component for the synthesis of ATP and also a life-sustaining cofactor for complexes I, II, and III of the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. Several reported research studies advocate the use of CoQ10 as a nutritional supplement or along with other therapeutic agents as an aid to preserve or modify the health of aged people and also to eradicate neural health–related problems. Moreover, CoQ10 has been the subject of numerous preclinical and clinical investigations to determine its dosage, safety, and tolerability. This review will summarize CoQ10’s background, biochemistry, pharmacokinetics and bioavailability, physicochemical properties, mechanism of action, valuable functions, consequences of deprivation and overconsumption, available marketed formulations, and the impact of CoQ10 therapy in various neurodegenerative diseases based on preclinical and clinical research.