Investigation of the dental implant geometry effect on stress distribution at dental implant–bone interface

In this paper, the effect of the geometry of the implant on the stress distribution at the dental implant–bone interface is investigated. For this purpose, three-dimensional finite element model of jaw bone and implant is constructed. The finite element model of the jaw bone is constructed in Mimics software and is imported in Abaqus software. Two kinds of material property for cortical part of the jaw bone, i.e. isotropic and anisotropic, are considered. Also, pure titanium for implant and implant abutment materials and ceramic for dental crown is selected. Then the finite element model of jaw bone and implant is analyzed in the Abaqus environment under static loading. We are seeking to reduce the stress concentration in the contact area of cortical bone and the implant. Because the distribution of interface stress strongly depends on the geometry of the implant, thus the special geometry for a profile of implant is presented in this research. This will be achieved by selecting the best shape of the implant. Results show that the proposed implant has better stress distribution in comparison with other shapes. Also, the minimum Von Mises stress appeared at the implant–cortical bone interface by proposing implant in comparison with those cited in the literature. The obtained results based on a proposed implant geometry show that using this model of implant has more role in treatment modality.