Acid-modified coffee grounds biochar for nitrate and nitrite removal: an optimization via central composite design

Elevated concentrations of nitrate (NO 3 − ) and nitrite (NO 2 − ) are possibly the most widespread contaminant in groundwater, contributing to eutrophication. However, it is also a potential nutrient which can be recovered. The present work evaluates and optimizes the removal efficiency of NO 3 − a...

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Veröffentlicht in:	International journal of environmental science and technology (Tehran) 2024-02, Vol.21 (3), p.3221-3234
Hauptverfasser:	Tan, Sin-Ying, Sethupathi, Sumathi, Leong, Kah-Hon, Ahmad, Tanveer
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	adsorbents adsorption Aquatic Pollution aqueous solutions biochar Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology electrostatic interactions Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Science and Engineering eutrophication fertilizers groundwater contamination nitrates nitrites nitrogen Original Paper soil Soil Science & Conservation storage time temperature Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control
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Zusammenfassung:	Elevated concentrations of nitrate (NO 3 − ) and nitrite (NO 2 − ) are possibly the most widespread contaminant in groundwater, contributing to eutrophication. However, it is also a potential nutrient which can be recovered. The present work evaluates and optimizes the removal efficiency of NO 3 − and NO 2 using acid-modified waste coffee grounds biochar (ACGB) in aqueous solution. Central composite design (CCD) was adopted to optimize the independent variables (acid molarity, heating temperature, and storage time) influencing the removal of NO 3 − and NO 2 − . The ANOVA analysis of the CCD suggested all the independent operating parameters had significant ( p value
ISSN:	1735-1472 1735-2630
DOI:	10.1007/s13762-023-05182-3