Comparison study of three-component polarization analysis methods for seismic advanced detection in the roadway

Multicomponent seismic exploration makes up for the shortcomings of multiple solutions in conventional single-component seismic exploration for lithological identification and geological structure interpretation. Polarization analysis methods play a key role in the processing of multicomponent seismic data. However, when multiple types of waves are very close to each other, it is very difficult to characterize the polarization distribution of different waveforms using conventional time domain or time-frequency domain polarization analysis. In this paper, a time-frequency domain instantaneous polarization analysis method based on a time-frequency method of generalized S-transform is introduced. The instantaneous polarization parameters (polarization axis, polarizability, and planarization vector) can be calculated based on a time-frequency spectrum and instantaneous phase of multicomponent signal. The numerical simulation of three-component seismic advanced detection in the three-dimensional space shows the following results: the diffracted P-wave from a fault breakpoint has the characteristics of narrow wave train and fast speed, which make it easy to be identified. Besides, it is an effective wave for polarization analysis due to its distinct polarization characteristics. Combining the advantages of the time-frequency domain analysis method, this method is more accurate in waveform identification and more reliable in fault identification. Besides, this method provides better results than the conventional time-domain polarization analysis method.