Body mass index and γ-glutamyl transferase expression in normal and cancerous breast tissue
Background Localized to cell membrane, γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a reliable marker for the evaluation of cell distress occurring in several pathological conditions including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. In particular, high GGT serum levels are associated with breast cancer incidenc...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) Japan), 2020-09, Vol.27 (5), p.850-860 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Background
Localized to cell membrane, γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a reliable marker for the evaluation of cell distress occurring in several pathological conditions including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. In particular, high GGT serum levels are associated with breast cancer incidence and progression.
Methods
The tissue expression of
GGT1,
the gene coding for GGT, was investigated in silico in a large case series of paired samples of breast cancer and adjacent histologically normal (HN) tissue, and in a collection of healthy breast tissues from reduction mammoplasty. The association of
GGT1
with patient’s body mass index (BMI), and the relationship between
GGT1
and a panel of genes involved in apoptosis, IGF-1 signaling, or coding for adipokines and adipokine receptors were also investigated.
Results
GGT1
expression was significantly higher in tumor than in the adjacent HN tissue (
P
= 0.0002). Unexpectedly, the expression of
GGT1
was inversely associated with BMI in normal and HN tissue, whereas no correlation was found in cancerous tissue. In all tissues,
GGT1
correlated positively with
TP53
and negatively with
BCL2
and
LEPR,
whereas only in normal and HN tissue
GGT1
correlated positively with
IGF1R
. The linear regression model, adjusted for BMI, showed no confounding effect on any correlation, except for the correlation of
GGT1
with
LEPR
in normal tissue from healthy women.
Conclusions
Even if present results provide interesting insights on the still elusive mechanism(s) underlying the association between obesity and epithelial cell proliferation, possibly promoting neoplastic transformation, such relationship deserves further investigation in other independent datasets. |
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ISSN: | 1340-6868 1880-4233 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s12282-020-01080-5 |