Elaphoglossum matogrossense (Dryopteridaceae), a new and threatened species from Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Summary Elaphoglossum matogrossense , a new species from central-western Brazil, is here described and illustrated. It belongs to Elaphoglossum section Lepidoglossa , which is often characterised by conspicuously scaly leaves and non-subulate scales with acicular, one-celled, non-glandular teeth. The new species was first collected c. 35 years ago. It is characterised by short-creeping stems, orangish to brown stem scales, moderately to densely scaly leaves, short petioles, and narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate laminae with round apices and gradually decurrent bases. Elaphoglossum matogrossense is known only from the Chapada dos Guimarães National Park and is here considered critically endangered. We provide a description, taxonomic and ecological comments, conservation status assessment, geographic distribution, phenology, and illustrations for this new species.