Buchnera carajasensis (Orobanchaceae), a new species from the canga vegetation of the Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil

Buchnera carajasensis is described and illustrated. Information on its conservation status, taxonomy habitat, geographic distribution, and phenology, along with a key to the Buchnera species found in Pará, is provided. The new species had previously been confused with B. tenuissima, a Mexican species, and is also similar to B. palustris, but exhibits differences in the inflorescence shape, in the indumentum, and in reproductive traits. The new species is apparently endemic to ironstone outcrops of the Serra dos Carajás, northern Brazil, and is assessed as Endangered in accordance with the IUCN criteria.