Nutrition for the Patient with Advanced Liver Disease

Purpose of Review Managing nutrition in individuals with advanced liver disease is an integral part of their care and can significantly impact their morbidity and mortality. The aim of this review study is to focus on the etiology of malnutrition in end-stage liver disease, screening and assessment methods of these individuals, and providing evidenced-based recommendations on the proper nutritional interventions. Recent Findings The etiology of malnutrition in advanced liver disease is multifactorial but can be described as the effects of a chronic catabolic illness accompanied by decreased food intake. In order to determine the necessary steps of intervention, adequate screening for malnutrition much first be conducted. Assessment for malnutrition should include a review of biochemical markers, a diet history, and a physical assessment including subjective global assessment, handgrip strength, anthropometric measures, and body composition testing. Interventions for these individuals range from diet education to enteral/parenteral feedings, depending on the degree of malnutrition. Summary All patients diagnosed with advanced liver disease should have their nutrition status promptly assessed. Once assessed, they should be educated by a registered dietitian nutritionist to help better their quality of life and to prevent any nutrition-related medical complications. As their disease progresses and their condition worsens, they should be continually evaluated for treatment plan adjustments as needed.