A Comparison Between Structure from Motion and Direct Survey Methodologies on the Warwick

Structure from Motion, the process of turning two-dimensional digital images into a three-dimensional digital model, is recognized as an emerging method in archaeological research. While some of the previous studies of Structure from Motion applied to underwater projects showed promise as an information rich and affordable survey method, the issue of accuracy remains. This study examined the efficacy of this new technology as a post-processing analytical tool on the early seventeenth-century shipwreck site, Warwick, from Bermuda. Using original digital images from the archaeological excavations, Structure from Motion was tested for suitability and accuracy, and the results compared against the Direct Survey Method. The outcome was an interdisciplinary effort that allowed for a better understanding of the process and the resulting limitations of Structure from Motion for underwater surveys and excavations.