TaTGW6-A1, an ortholog of rice TGW6, is associated with grain weight and yield in bread wheat

The TGW6 gene encodes a novel indole-3-acetic acid-glucose hydrolase and plays a significant role in improving thousand grain weight (TGW) and yield in rice. In the current study, a TGW6 ortholog from bread wheat chromosome 3AL was isolated and designated as TaTGW6 - A1 . Sequencing and alignment analysis showed that the cloned TaTGW6 - A1 consists of a 987-bp intronless open reading frame. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified between cultivars with higher and lower TGW, forming two haplotypes, TaTGW6 - A1a and TaTGW6 - A1b . A derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence marker, TaTGW6 - A1 -CAPS, was developed to differentiate the two haplotypes. Linkage analysis using the wheat 90K iSelect SNP array mapped TaTGW6 - A1 -CAPS at 18 cM from BobWhite_c47304_56 in a RIL population derived from Zhou 8425B/Chinese Spring. A QTL for yield at the TaTGW6 - A1 locus explained 17.4 % of the phenotypic variance in average yield over four environments. Association analysis on 242 Chinese and foreign cultivars indicated that TaTGW6 - A1 was significantly associated with TGW. The cumulative frequency of the TaTGW6 - A1a allele associated with higher TGW was approximately 80 %, indicating that the TaTGW6 - A1a allele was positively selected in wheat breeding. In conclusion, TaTGW6 - A1 in conjunction with its molecular marker may contribute as a valuable gene in improving yield potential in wheat.