Multiscale modeling of the small punch test in nanostructured Ti

Small punch tests in the extrusion and transverse directions of nanostructured titanium manufactured by hydrostatic extrusion were simulated by means of a multiscale model, which encompasses three length scales. Information is transferred from the microscale (mechanical behavior of each slip system within an ellipsoidal grain) to the mesoscale (polycrystalline aggregate) by means of a model based on elastic and viscoplastic self-consistent approximations. The mechanical response of the polycrystalline aggregate at the mesoscale is used as the constitutive equation of the material at each integration point of the finite element model. The results of the multiscale finite element simulations were in good agreement with the macroscopic experimental results and provided information to understand the dominant deformation and fracture mechanisms at the microscopic level.