Thermal management of transverse magnetic source effects on nanofluid natural convection in a wavy porous enclosure

Thermal transport of nanofluid natural convection in a wavy porous enclosure exposed to an external and uniform magnetic source is investigated numerically. Numerous pertinent factors in terms of Darcy ( Da = 10 −4 –10 −2 ), Hartmann ( Ha = 0–40), Rayleigh ( Ra = 10 4 –10 7 ), Prandtl ( Pr = 0.71–7) and undulation ( n = 3) numbers, in addition to wave amplitudes ( A = 0.025–0.1) and particle volume concentration ( ϕ = 0, 2 and 4%) have been investigated. The Brinkmann–Forchheimer extended Darcy model is utilized, and the governing equations are solved by employing our own finite difference ADI-based program. Code accuracy was successfully validated with the open literature. The results revealed that for Ra > 10 5 and Da