Extraction and thermodynamic behavior of U(VI) and Th(IV) from nitric acid solution with tri-isoamyl phosphate

The extraction behavior of U(VI) and Th(IV) with tri-isoamyl phosphate–kerosene (TiAP–KO) from nitric acid medium was investigated in detail using the batch extraction method as a function of aqueous-phase acidity, TiAP concentration and temperature, then the thermodynamic parameters associated with the extraction were derived by the second-law method. It could be noted that the distribution ratios of U(VI) or Th(IV) increased with increasing HNO 3 concentration until 6 or 5 M from 0.1 M. However, a good separation factor ( D U(VI) / D Th(IV) ) of 88.25 was achieved at 6 M HNO 3 , and the stripping of U(VI) from TiAP–KO with deionized water or diluted nitric acid was easier than that of Th(IV). The probable extracted species were deduced by log D -log c plot at different temperatures as UO 2 (NO 3 ) 2 ·(TiAP) (1–2) and Th(NO 3 ) 4 ·(TiAP) (2–3) , respectively. Additionally, △ H , △ G and △ S for the extraction of U(VI) and Th(IV) revealed that the extraction of U(VI) by TiAP was an exothermic process and was counteracted by entropy change, while the extraction of Th(IV) was an endothermic process and was driven by entropy change.