Polarization orientation dependence of piezoelectric losses in soft lead Zirconate-Titanate ceramics

Dielectric, elastic and piezoelectric losses are investigated in soft Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 -based piezoelectric ceramics in terms of polarization direction dependence of the properties. The difference of the mechanical quality factor at the resonance and anti-resonance frequencies were obtained by the impedance method. The polarization angle of the samples varied from 0 (E//P S ) to 90 degree (E⊥P S ) for “effective” k 31 and k 33 vibrating modes. The change in the piezoelectric losses is dominant in comparison to the dielectric or elastic losses in both vibration modes.