Finite Element Simulations of Dynamic Fracture of Full-Scale Gas Transmission Pipelines

The dynamic crack growth in a full-scale gas pipeline of API X80 steel is analyzed using the finite element method with the cohesive zone model. Based on the simulation, it is revealed that for the moderate steady-state crack growth, the crack-tip-opening angle strongly depends on the crack growth speed. In addition, the threshold initial crack sizes under different internal pressures are analyzed, which show a significant three-dimensional effect due to the wall thickness of the pipeline. The presented model offers a feasible way to study some details of the dynamic fracture of full-scale pipelines when tests are difficult or expensive.