Novel therapeutic approach for pulmonary emphysema using gelatin microspheres releasing basic fibroblast growth factor in a canine model

Purposes The prognosis of patients with emphysema is poor as there is no truly effective treatment. Our previous study showed that the alveolar space was smaller and the microvessel density was higher in a canine emphysema model after the intrapulmonary arterial administration of gelatin microspheres slowly releasing basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF–GMS). In the present study, we evaluated the functional effect of injecting bFGF–GMS via the pulmonary artery in this canine pulmonary emphysema model. Methods Using the porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced total emphysema model, we approximated the value of lung compliance with a Power Lab System, and performed blood gas analysis in a control group, a total emphysema group, and a bFGF group in which bFGF–GMS were injected toward the whole pulmonary artery via the femoral vein. Each group comprised five dogs. Results Lung compliance was higher in the total emphysema group than in the control group ( p = 0.031), and the bFGF group showed no significant improvement of lung compliance vs. the total emphysema group ( p = 0.112). PaO 2 (partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood) was improved by administering bFGF–GMS in the total emphysema model ( p = 0.027). Conclusion In the canine total emphysema model, blood gas parameters were improved by the whole pulmonary arterial administration of bFGF–GMS. This method has the potential to be an effective novel therapy for pulmonary emphysema.