B-LMW glutenin and γ-gliadin composition of Ethiopian durum wheat genotypes and their association with some quality traits

Thirty advanced lines and cultivars were investigated for their specific B-LMW glutenin (LMW-1 and LMW-2) and γ-gliadin (γ-42 and γ-45) composition by SDS-PAGE. Their relationship to SDS-sedimentation volume (SDSS), mixograph development time (MDT) and loaf volume (LFV) were studied. The proportion of genotypes with LMW-2/γ-45 was much higher than LMW-1/γ-42 types. Lines with LMW-2/γ-45 had higher SDSS, MDT and LFV values. Line CD96486 having subunits N, 7+8 and LMW-2/γ-45 had the highest LFV and it had better values for SDSS and MDT than the rest of the genotypes. The high proportion of advanced lines having LMW-2/γ-45, which is genetically related to good grain quality, is an advantage for selection of suitable genotypes for intended products. Selection for higher values of SDSS and optimum MDT usually leads to better loaf volume. Screening of genotypes using wheat storage proteins as genetic markers will help to devise an effective breeding program for the region.