Rapid Somatic Embryogenesis from the Nucelli of Monoembryonic Mango Varieties

A method for rapid production of somatic embryos having normal developmental morphology, from the nucellar tissue of three monoembryonic Indian mango varieties, namely, Alphonso, Mundan and Baneshan was developed. Somatic embryogenesis could be induced using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) 5.0 mg/liter ($22.62 \mu M$, gibberellic acid (GA3) 5.0 mg/liter ($14.43 \mu M$), sucrose 60 g/liter and activated charcoal (AC) 2.5 g/liter. Maturation of embryos was observed in a reduced concentration of basal medium supplemented with abscisic acid 1.0 mg/liter ($3.78 \mu M$) coconut water 20 percent (vol/vol) casein hydrolysate (CH) 100.0 mg/liter, sucrose 40.0 g/liter and activated charcoal 2.5 g/liter.$N^6-benzyladenine$(BA) 5.0 mg/liter ($22.2 \mu M$) favored normal germination of the embryos. Plant development was complete in 75 to 80 days.