Correlation of electrophysiological and quantitative histological findings in the sural nerve of man. Studies on alcoholic neuropathy

Electrophysiological results of sural nerve conduction studies were compared with quantitative histological data from the same nerve in 27 patients with alcoholic neuropathy. Diminution of amplitude and/or conduction velocity of the main component was seen in 14 nerves. Minimum nerve conduction velocity, which was studied in 11 nerves, was lowered in eight cases. Histological investigations revealed that nerve fibers of different diameter were involved to a variable extent, so at least four different types of fiber loss could be distingusihed. Relation of nerve conduction velocity to external fiber diameter revealed a conversion factor within normal range in 13 nerves, indicating axonal degeneration. A borderline value was found in four of the nerves, teased fiber studied showed demyelination in three nerves and axonal degeneration in one of the four. It was impossible in 10 nerves to relate external fiber diameter to nerve conduction velocities of the different components of the potential caused by demyelination or extensive remyelination.